Wednesday, December 6, 2017

Different kinds of New Deal programs that were made

Recently, we've covered the different acts that were proposed by Franklin D. Roosevelt in order to alleviate the Great Depression's effect on the economy, if not remove it completely. There were a total of around 26 New Deal programs at the time of creation, some of which was temporary, some of which is still ongoing as of today. Below is the full list and a mini description of each program. 

-National Youth Administration: A program that focused on providing work and education between the ages 16-25.
-Reconstruction Finance Corporation: A Hoover agency that helped to make larger loans to businesses.
-Federal Emergency Relief Administration: A Hoover programs to create jobs that could be done by anyone, mainly for relief. It was replaced by the WPA in 1935.
-US bank holiday: All banks became closed until they were certified by federal reviewers
-Abandonment of gold standard: Gold reserves no longer backed currency
-Civilian Conservation Corps: Employing young men to work in rural areas under US Army supervision. Had a separate program for the Native Americans
-Homeowners Loan Corporation: Helped people keep their homes. Government bought properties from banks, which allowed the people to pay government instead of the bank in installments, also so that the people are able to pay their bills without going into deep poverty levels
-Tennessee Valley Authority: An act to help modernize the poor regions in US, mainly Tennessee. It centered on dams that generated electricity on the Tennessee River
-Agricultural Adjustment Act:Was ruled unconstitutional. It raised farm prices by cutting total farm output of major crops and livestock.
-National Industrial Recovery Act:Increased wages and prices. Industries set up codes to reduce unfair competitions. Was also ruled unconstitutional
-Public Works Administration: Built large public works projects, used private contractors (didn't hire the unemployed)
-Federal Deposit Insurance Corps: Insures bank deposits and supervises state banks
-Glass-Steagall Act: Helps to regulate investment banking
-Securities Act of 1933:Created standards for sale and purchase of stocks, required awareness of investments to be accurately disclosed
-Civil Works Administration: Provided temporary jobs to millions of unemployed
-Indian Reorganization Act: Moved away from assimilation
-Social Security Act: Provided financial assistance to: elderly, handicapped, paid for by employee and employer payroll contributions; required 7 years contributions, so first payouts were in 1942
-Works Progressed Administration: National labor program for more than 2 million unemployed; created useful construction work for unskilled men; also sewing projects for women and arts projects for unemployed artists, musicians and writers
-National Labor Relations Act (aka Wagner Act): Set up National Labor Relations Board to supervise labor-management relations; In the 1930s, it strongly favored labor unions
-Judicial Reorganization Bill of 1937: Gave the President power to appoint a new Supreme Court judge for every judge 70 years or older; failed to pass Congress
-Federal Crop Insurance Corps: Insures crops and livestock against loss of production or revenue. Was restructured during the creation of the Risk Management Agency in 1996 but continues to exist.
-Surplus Commodities: Gives away food to poor
-Fair Labor Standards Act: Established a maximum normal work week of 44 hours and a minimum wage of 40 cents/hour and outlawed most forms of child labor; still exists, hours have been lowered to 40 hours over the years
-Rural Electrification Administration: One of the federal executive departments of the United States government charged with providing public utilities (electricity, telephone, water, sewer) to rural areas in the U.S. via public-private partnerships. still exists.
-Resettlement Administration: Helped resettled the poor tenant farms, was replaced by Farm Security Administration in 1935.
-Farm Security Administration: An evolved version of the previous, giving a variety of economic and educational programs, some still exist today

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